The Circle of Fifths is based on the second strongest interval (3/2):
The Octave being the strongest interval.
Sharps and Flats are an artifact of the Equal Tempered Keyboard.
Many world flutes such as Shakuhachi, Bansuri, and NAFs are Modal.
Different lengths of flutes are used for different key roots.
This chart is a basic worksheet for understanding the Circle of Fifths.
It is useful for playing with Western 12 TET instruments.
Clink to link for a Circle of Fifths worksheet:
Circle of Fifths PDF Worksheet